Descriere: In a complex and uncertain world, humans and animals make decisions under the constraints of limited knowledge, resources, and time. Yet models of rational decision making in economics, cognitive science, biology, and other fields largely ignore these real constraints and instead assume agents with perfect information and unlimited time. About forty years ago, Herbert Simon challenged this view with his notion of "bounded rationality." Today, bounded rationality has become a fashionable term used for disparate views of reasoning.This book promotes bounded rationality as the key to understanding how real people make decisions. Using the concept of an "adaptive toolbox," a repertoire of fast and frugal rules for decision making under uncertainty, it attempts to impose more order and coherence on the idea of bounded rationality. The contributors view bounded rationality neither as optimization under constraints nor as the study of people's reasoning fallacies. The strategies in the adaptive toolbox dispense with optimization and, for the most part, with calculations of probabilities and utilities. The book extends the concept of bounded rationality from cognitive tools to emotions; it analyzes social norms, imitation, and other cultural tools as rational strategies; and it shows how smart heuristics can exploit the structure of environments.
Autori: Gerd Gigerenzer (Editor) | Editura: MIT PR | Anul aparitiei: 2002 | ISBN: 9780262571647 | Categorie: Psychology
Seth J. Gillihan (Author)
Mindful Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Simple Path to Healing, Hope, and Peace
1,A practicing psychologist--one of the top popularizers of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)--offers a fresh, welcome approach for treating mental health issues that speaks to our times, blending mindfulness and spirituality with CBT to effectively overcome negative thinking, achieve deep healing, and truly attain lasting peace.Mental health professionals have many science-based techniques for alleviating symptoms like anxiety and depression. However, these reductive approaches often don't deliver the lasting peace we long for. Practicing psychologist and one of the top popularizers of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dr. Seth Gillihan believes we need to do more than relieve our symptoms to become healthy and whole. To achieve long-lasting health and well-being, we must embrace the spiritual in our healing.Gillihan's mindful cognitive behavioral therapy method blends insights from CBT, mindfulness, Stoicism, and Christian mysticism into the therapeutic process. He reveals how we can use this method in our daily lives to master negative thoughts and choose the right actions to become fully present and at peace. This extraordinary guide teaches us how to retrain our minds to ...
William Von Hippel (Author)
The Social Paradox: Autonomy, Connection, and Why We Need Both to Find Happiness
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Ellen Vora (Author)
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5,From acclaimed psychiatrist Dr. Ellen Vora comes a groundbreaking understanding of how anxiety manifests in the body and mind--and what we can do to overcome it.Anxiety affects more than forty million Americans--a number that continues to climb in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. While conventional medicine tends to view anxiety as a "neck-up" problem--that is, one of brain chemistry and psychology--the truth is that the origins of anxiety are rooted in the body.In The Anatomy of Anxiety, holistic psychiatrist Dr. Ellen Vora offers nothing less than a paradigm shift in our understanding of anxiety and mental health, suggesting that anxiety is not simply a brain disorder but a whole-body condition. In her clinical work, Dr. Vora has found time and again that the symptoms of anxiety can often be traced to imbalances in the body. The emotional and physical discomfort we experience--sleeplessness, brain fog, stomach pain, jitters--is a result of the body's stress response. This physiological state can be triggered by challenging experiences as well as seemingly innocuous factors, such as diet and use of technology.The good news is that this body-based anxiety, or, as Dr. Vora terms ...